Let’s pretend I own 25 acres of land with a nice river flowing over it (don’t roll your eyes- there are nice rivers in Texas).

I want to take and use all the water from the river, but I must be careful.  I may not have the right to do that.

Here is a basic breakdown of law concerning water in Texas:

  • Groundwateris water under the surface of the land (unless it’s an underground          flow of water).
    • Groundwater is owned by the landowner.
    • Landowners can capture and use groundwater.
    • Groundwater is regulated by local conservation districts.

 

  • Surface wateris all bodies of surface water, natural or not, such as lakes, ponds,       springs, rivers, streams, creeks, related.
    • Surface water is owned by the State and regulated by TCEQ.
    • Landowner can generally use surface water for domestic and livestock use.